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Falsification of foodstuffs
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In France, it is forbidden (i) to falsify products used for human or animal consumption, beverages and agricultural or natural products intended for sale, (ii) to display, offer for sale or sell products used for human or animal consumption, beverages and agricultural or natural products, knowing that they are falsified, corrupted or toxic (Article L413-1 of the Consumer Code).
Feed additives
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Substances, micro-organisms or preparations, other than feed materials and premixtures, intentionally added to feed or water to perform one or more functions such as meeting the nutritional requirements of animals or favourably affect the environmental consequences of animal production (Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003).
Feed materials
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Products of vegetable or animal origin, whose principal purpose is to meet animals’ nutritional needs, in their natural state, fresh or preserved, and products derived from the industrial processing thereof, and organic or inorganic substances, whether or not containing feed additives, which are intended for use in oral animal-feeding either directly as such, or after processing, or in the preparation of compound feed, or as carrier of premixtures (Regulation (EC) No 767/2009).
Fertilising product
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A substance, mixture, micro- organism or any other material, applied or intended to be applied on plants or their rhizosphere or on mushrooms or their mycosphere, or intended to constitute the rhizosphere or mycosphere, either on its own or mixed with another material, for the purpose of providing the plants or mushrooms with nutrient or improving their nutrition efficiency (Regulation (EU) 2019/1009).
Flavourings
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Products not intended to be consumed as such, which are added to food in order to impart or modify odour and/or taste. Flavourings are made or consisting of the following categories: flavouring substances, flavouring preparations, thermal process flavourings, smoke flavourings, flavour precursors or other flavourings or mixtures thereof (Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008).
Food (Foodstuff)
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Any substance or product, whether processed, partially processed or unprocessed, intended to be, or reasonably expected to be ingested by humans.
Food’ shall not include : feed, live animals (unless they are prepared for placing on the market for human consumption), plants prior to harvesting, medicinal products, cosmetics, tobacco and tobacco products, narcotic or psychotropic substances, residues and contaminants, medical devices (Regulation (EC) No 178/2002).
Food enzyme
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Product obtained from plants, animals or micro-organisms or products thereof including a product obtained by a fermentation process using micro-organisms containing one or more enzymes capable of catalyzing a specific biochemical reaction and added to food for a technological purpose at any stage of the manufacturing, processing, preparation, treatment, packaging, transport or storage of foods (Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008).
Food for special medical purposes
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Food specially processed or formulated and intended for the dietary management of patients, including infants, to be used under medical supervision; it is intended for the exclusive or partial feeding of patients with a limited, impaired or disturbed capacity to take, digest, absorb, metabolise or excrete ordinary food or certain nutrients contained therein, or metabolites, or with other medically-determined nutrient requirements, whose dietary management cannot be achieved by modification of the normal diet alone (Regulation (EU) No 609/2013).
Food supplements
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Foodstuffs the purpose of which is to supplement the normal diet and which are concentrated sources of nutrients or other substances with a nutritional or physiological effect, alone or in combination, marketed in dose form, namely forms such as capsules, pastilles, tablets, pills and other similar forms, sachets of powder, ampoules of liquids, drop dispensing bottles, and other similar forms of liquids and powders designed to be taken in measured small unit quantities (Directive 2002/46/EC).
French Administrative Tribunal
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According to the Conseil d’Etat, the Administrative Tribunal is a court, distinct from the judicial courts, responsible for resolving conflicts involving an act or decision of the French administration.
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French Commercial Court
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The commercial court resolves disputes between individuals and traders or between traders and commercial companies.
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French Correctional Court
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The correctional court is responsible for judging offences. It can pronounce sentences of up to 10 years imprisonment (20 years in the event of a repeat offence), but also alternative sentences (community service, citizenship training, etc.), fines or additional penalties (prohibition from exercising a professional activity, etc.).
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French Judicial Court
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The judicial court is the result of the merger of the district and high courts. It decides civil disputes between private individuals (natural or legal) that are not specifically assigned to another court. For criminal cases, it is called the “correctional court” for offences and the “police court” for contraventions.
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Qolumn, law firm
Address : 37 avenue de Friedland – 75008 Paris – France
Tel : +33 1 78 96 99 00
contact@qolumn.law
